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Brunei
Brunei, officially Brunei Darussalam, is a country in Southeast Asia, situated on the northern coast of the island of Borneo. Apart from its coastline on the South China Sea, it is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak, with its territory bifurcated by the Sarawak district of Limbang. Brunei is the only sovereign state entirely on Borneo; the remainder of the island is divided between its multi-landmass neighbours of Malaysia and Indonesia. As of 2025, the country had a population of 466,330, being the least populated country in Asia of whom approximately 64,409 resided in the capital and largest city of Bandar Seri Begawan. Its official language is Malay, and Sunni Islam is the state religion of the country, although other religions are nominally tolerated. The government of Brunei is an absolute monarchy ruled by the Sultan, and it implements a fusion of English common law and jurisprudence inspired by Islam, including sharia.
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WHAT PEOPLE ARE CALLED
Bruneian
These are English demonyms for people from Brunei. A demonym describes a connection to a place; it does not mean everyone shares an ethnicity, language or religion.
Demonym source: mledoze/countries · Download the attributed dataset (ODbL)SAME LAND, DIFFERENT WORLDS
Civilizations, flags & standards
Modern borders are a starting point for exploring the past. These cultures and states occupied some of the same land; they were not the same country. Dates describe each civilization or state as a whole, not continuous rule over every place listed.
A sourced civilization and flag trail has not been added for Brunei yet. No ancient flag is inferred from the modern one.
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Turning points
A curated timeline is not available yet. Explore the country's history and the historical figures below.
Read the historical overview →Religion: state & society
An official religion is a legal status. The largest religious group is a population measure. Neither describes every person's beliefs.
Official status and a dated affiliation breakdown have not been checked for this country. The atlas's religion tags are not a population ranking.
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BEYOND THE MAP
Brunei in the study desk
Places and things the general-knowledge library connects to Brunei. Open one to follow its connections, then practise them with typed recall.
Geography 1
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Where it is
Languages
Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.
What it sells, and to whom
Every line is a thread: click a commodity or a partner to see who else trades in it.
Imports
Natural resources
Farms and fisheries
- chicken
- eggs
- fruits
- vegetables
- rice
- bananas
Largest cities
| Bandar Seri Begawan capital | 64,409 |
| Sengkurong | 40,972 |
| Mentiri | 39,324 |
| Kuala Belait | 31,178 |
| Tutong | 19,151 |
Money, belief and alliances
Money
Belongs to
Climate and geography
tropical; hot, humid, rainy
Climate zone
Highest point
Landmarks and landscapes
Northern hemisphere.
Land borders (1)
In charge right now
Figures from its history
Corrected in an AI-assisted review of the imported data (2026-09-22), not yet checked against a named source: languages.