Canada

CA / CAN 56.0°, -109.0°

Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the second-largest country by total area, with the longest coastline of any country. Its border with the United States is the longest international land border. The country is characterized by a wide range of both meteorologic and geological regions. With a population of over 41 million, it has widely varying population densities, with the majority residing in its urban areas and large areas being sparsely populated. Its capital is Ottawa and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.

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Capital

Ottawa

Population

36,991,981

Area

9,984,670 km2

Climate

Temperate

Government

parliamentary system

Currency

Canadian dollar

Languages

English 87.1%, French 29.1%, Chinese languages 4.2%

Sells

crude petroleum, cars, gold, natural gas

Sells to

USA 71%, China 5%, UK 3%

Land borders

1: United States

Drives on the

right

Calling code

Founded

1867

Hemisphere

Northern

Where it is

Languages

Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.

Englishofficial

87.1%

Frenchofficial

29.1%

Chinese languages

4.2%

Spanish

3.2%

Punjabi

2.6%

What it sells, and to whom

Every line is a thread: click a commodity or a partner to see who else trades in it.

Farms and fisheries

wheat
rapeseed
maize
milk
barley
soybeans

Largest cities

Toronto	2,794,356
Montréal	1,762,949
Calgary	1,306,784
Ottawa capital	1,017,449
Edmonton	1,010,899

Wars and conflicts

Click one to see everyone else who fought in it.

World War II1939–1945 World War I1914–1918 Seven Years' War1756–1763 War of 18121812–1815 Gulf War1990–1991 War in Afghanistan (2001-2021)2001–2021 First Libyan Civil War2011 Korean War1950–1953 War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)2001–2021 Kosovo War1998–1999 Second Boer War1899–1902 American Indian Wars1609–1924 Third Indochina War1975–1991 Fenian raids1866–1871

Form of government

parliamentary system federation constitutional monarchy

Money, belief and alliances

Money

Canadian dollar

Belongs to

Organization of American States Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe North American Free Trade Agreement Arctic Council Organisation internationale de la Francophonie United Nations World Meteorological Organization International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance International Energy Agency International Development Association Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons NATO International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes Australia Group Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Asian Development Bank

Climate and geography

varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in north

Climate zone

Temperate

Highest point

Mount Logan

Landmarks and landscapes

Niagara Falls Banff National Park CN Tower Canadian Rockies

Northern hemisphere.

Land borders (1)

United States

In charge right now

Charles III Head of state

Mark Carney Head of government

Figures from its history

John A. Macdonald First prime minister Sir John Alexander Macdonald was the first prime minister of Canada, serving from 1867 to 1873 and from 1878 until his death in 1891.

Pierre Trudeau Prime minister, 1968-1984 Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau was a Canadian politician, lawyer, jurist, academic, author, and journalist who served as the 15th prime minister of Canada from 1968 to 1979 and from 1980 to 1984.