Nicaragua

NI / NIC 13.0°, -85.0°

Nicaragua, officially the Republic of Nicaragua, is a country in Central America, comprising 130,370 square kilometers (50,340 sq mi). With a population of 7,097,329 as of 2026, it is the third-most populous country in Central America after Guatemala and Honduras, and the largest by area in all of Central America.

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Capital

Managua

Population

5,142,098

Area

120,340 km2

Climate

Tropical

Government

Presidential republic

Currency

Nicaraguan córdoba

Languages

Spanish 99.5%, Indigenous 0.3%, Portuguese 0.1%

Sells

garments, gold, insulated wire, coffee

Sells to

USA 51%, Mexico 12%, El Salvador 6%

Land borders

2: Costa Rica, Honduras

Drives on the

right

Calling code

+505

Founded

1821

Hemisphere

Northern

Where it is

Languages

Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.

Spanishofficial

99.5%

Indigenous

0.3%

Portuguese

0.1%

What it sells, and to whom

Every line is a thread: click a commodity or a partner to see who else trades in it.

Farms and fisheries

sugarcane
milk
rice
oil palm fruit
maize
plantains

Largest cities

Managua capital	973,087
León	144,538
Masaya	130,113
Chinandega	126,387
Matagalpa	109,089

Wars and conflicts

Click one to see everyone else who fought in it.

Iraq War2003–2011 Malespín's War1844–1845

Form of government

Presidential republic.

republic

Money, belief and alliances

Money

Nicaraguan córdoba

Belongs to

Organization of American States International Civil Defence Organisation United Nations World Meteorological Organization International Development Association International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency UNESCO International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Central American Bank for Economic Integration World Health Organization World Trade Organization Interpol Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean

Climate and geography

tropical in lowlands, cooler in highlands

Climate zone

Tropical

Highest point

Cerro Mogotón

Landmarks and landscapes

Lake Nicaragua Granada Masaya Volcano

Northern hemisphere.

Land borders (2)

Costa Rica

Honduras

In charge right now

Daniel Ortega Head of state and government

Figures from its history

Augusto Cesar Sandino Guerrilla leader the Sandinistas are named for Augusto César Sandino was a Nicaraguan revolutionary, founder of the militant group EDSN, and leader of a rebellion between 1927 and 1933 against the United States occupation of Nicaragua.

Daniel Ortega Revolutionary and long-serving president José Daniel Ortega Saavedra is a Nicaraguan politician, revolutionary, and former guerrilla fighter who, under various titles, has been the leader of Nicaragua since 2007 and previously from 1979 to 1990.

Ruben Dario Poet Félix Rubén García Sarmiento, known as Rubén Darío, was a Nicaraguan poet who initiated the Spanish-language literary movement known as modernismo (modernism) that flourished at the end of the 19th century.