Flag of Colombia

Colombia

CO / COL   4.0°, -73.2°

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country located in South America, with insular regions in North America. Colombia's mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east, Brazil to the southeast, Peru and Ecuador to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest. Colombia is divided into 32 departments. The Capital District of Bogotá is the country's largest city hosting the main financial and cultural hub. Other urban areas include Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Bucaramanga, Pereira, Santa Marta, Cúcuta, Ibagué, Villavicencio and Manizales. It covers an area of 1,141,748 square kilometers and has a population of around 52 million. Its rich cultural heritage—including language, religion, cuisine, and art—reflects its history as a colony, fusing cultural elements brought by immigration from Europe and the Middle East, with those brought by the African diaspora, as well as with those of Indigenous civilizations that predate colonization. Spanish is the official language, although Creole, English and 64 other languages are recognized regionally.

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Capital
Bogotá
Population
52,321,152
Area
1,141,748 km2
Climate
Tropical
Government
Presidential republic
Currency
Colombian peso
Languages
Spanish 98.9%, Indigenous 1%, Portuguese 0.1%
Sells
crude petroleum, coal, gold, coffee
Sells to
USA 27%, Panama 9%, India 5%
Land borders
5: Brazil, Ecuador, Panama, Peru ...
Drives on the
right
Calling code
+57
Founded
1810
Hemisphere
Northern

Where it is

Languages

Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.

Spanishofficial
98.9%
1.0%
0.1%

Largest cities

Bogotá  capital 7,674,366
Cali 2,392,877
Medellín 1,999,979
Barranquilla 1,206,319
Kennedy 979,914

Wars and conflicts

Click one to see everyone else who fought in it.

Form of government

Presidential republic.

Climate and geography

tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands

Climate zone

Northern hemisphere.

Figures from its history

Simon Bolivar
Simon Bolivar Liberator Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar Palacios Ponte y Blanco was a Venezuelan military officer and statesman who led what are currently the countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela to independence from the Spanish...
Gabriel Garcia Marquez
Gabriel Garcia Marquez Nobel laureate novelist Gabriel José García Márquez was a Colombian writer and journalist, known affectionately as Gabo or Gabito throughout Latin America.
Pablo Escobar
Pablo Escobar Drug lord Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria was a Colombian drug lord, narcoterrorist, and politician who was the founder and leader of the Medellín Cartel.