Romania

RO / ROU 46.0°, 25.0°

Romania is a country in Central and Southeastern Europe. It lies on the lower course of the Danube, north of the Balkan Peninsula, and on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It is the twelfth-largest country in Europe by area, covering 238,397 km2 (92,046 mi2), and the sixth-most populous member state of the European Union, with 19 million inhabitants. The capital, largest city and economic centre is Bucharest. Other major cities include Cluj-Napoca, Iași, Constanța, Timișoara and Brașov.

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Capital

Bucharest

Population

19,053,815

Area

238,397 km2

Climate

Temperate

Government

Semi-presidential republic

Currency

Romanian Leu

Languages

Romanian 91.6%, Hungarian 6.3%, Romani 1.2%

Sells

cars, vehicle parts/accessories, insulated wire, garments

Sells to

Germany 19%, Italy 10%, France 6%

Land borders

5: Bulgaria, Hungary, Moldova, Serbia ...

Drives on the

right

Calling code

+40

Founded

1859

Hemisphere

Northern

Where it is

Languages

Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.

Romanianofficial

91.6%

Hungarian

6.3%

Romani

1.2%

What it sells, and to whom

Every line is a thread: click a commodity or a partner to see who else trades in it.

Farms and fisheries

wheat
maize
milk
sunflower seeds
barley
rapeseed

Largest cities

Bucharest capital	1,877,155
Sector 3	385,439
Iaşi	378,954
Sector 6	367,760
Constanţa	317,832

Wars and conflicts

Click one to see everyone else who fought in it.

World War II1939–1945 World War I1914–1918 War in Afghanistan (2001-2021)2001–2021 Balkan Wars1912–1913 Iraq War2003–2011 War in Afghanistan (2015–2021)2015–2021

Form of government

Semi-presidential republic.

authoritarianism1938–1944 socialist state1947–1989 unitary state semi-presidential system1989–now constitutional monarchy1859–1938 constitutional monarchy1944–1947

Money, belief and alliances

Money

Romanian Leu

Belongs to

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Organisation internationale de la Francophonie United Nations World Meteorological Organization European Union Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance International Development Association NATO International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes Australia Group Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency UNESCO International Bank for Reconstruction and Development COMECON

Climate and geography

temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms

Climate zone

Temperate

Highest point

Moldoveanu Peak

Landmarks and landscapes

Bran Castle Palace of the Parliament Danube Delta Transfagarasan

Northern hemisphere.

Land borders (5)

Bulgaria

Hungary

Moldova

Serbia

Ukraine

In charge right now

Nicușor Dan Head of state

Ilie Bolojan Head of government

Figures from its history

Nicolae Ceausescu Communist dictator executed in 1989 Nicolae Ceaușescu was a Romanian politician who was the second and last leader of Communist Romania as general secretary of the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 until his overthrow and execution in 1989.

Vlad the Impaler Prince of Wallachia Vlad III, commonly known as Vlad the Impaler or Vlad Dracula, was Voivode of Wallachia during three separate reigns.

Michael the Brave First to unite the Romanian principalities Michael the Brave, born as Mihai Pătrașcu, was the Prince of Wallachia, Prince of Moldavia (1600) and de facto ruler of Transylvania (1599–1600).