Somalia

SO / SOM 6.0°, 47.0°

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Capital

Mogadishu

Population

11,031,386

Area

637,657 km2

Climate

Desert or arid

Government

Federal parliamentary republic

Currency

Somali shilling

Languages

Somali, Arabic, Italian

Sells

sheep and goats, gold, postage stamps/documents, cattle

Sells to

UAE 35%, Saudi Arabia 27%, Oman 18%

Land borders

2: Ethiopia, Kenya

Drives on the

right

Calling code

+252

Founded

1960

Hemisphere

Northern

Where it is

Languages

Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.

Somaliofficial

—

Arabicofficial

—

Italian

—

English

—

What it sells, and to whom

Every line is a thread: click a commodity or a partner to see who else trades in it.

Farms and fisheries

camel milk
milk
goat milk
sheep milk
sugarcane
fruits

Largest cities

Mogadishu capital	2,587,183
Borama	597,842
Hargeysa	477,876
Berbera	242,344
Kismayo	234,852

Wars and conflicts

Click one to see everyone else who fought in it.

Ogaden War1977–1978 Ethiopian-Somali border conflict1960–1964

Form of government

Federal parliamentary republic.

federal republic

Money, belief and alliances

Money

Somali shilling

Belongs to

United Nations World Meteorological Organization International Development Association Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes Arab League African Union Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons International Bank for Reconstruction and Development UNESCO Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development World Health Organization Interpol Universal Postal Union Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States International Finance Corporation

Climate and geography

principally desert; northeast monsoon (December to February), moderate temperatures in north and hot in south; southwest monsoon (May to October), torrid in the north and hot in the south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili) between monsoons

Climate zone

Desert or arid

Highest point

Shimbiris

Landmarks and landscapes

Laas Geel Somali coast

Northern hemisphere.

Land borders (2)

Ethiopia

Kenya

In charge right now

Hassan Sheikh Mohamud Head of state

Mohamed Hussein Roble Head of government

Figures from its history

Mohamed Siad Barre Ruler, 1969-1991 Mohammed Siad Barre was a Somali military officer, politician, and revolutionary who served as the third president of Somalia from 21 October 1969 to 26 January 1991.

Sayyid Mohammed Abdullah Hassan Anti-colonial leader Sayyid Moḥammad Abdallah Hassan Nur Ismaan Rer-Amar was a Somali scholar, poet, military leader and religious, cultural and political figure who founded and headed the Taleh-based Dervish movement, which led a holy war against British, Italian and Ethiopian...