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Turkmenistan

TM / TKM   39.0°, 60.0°

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Capital
Ashgabat
Population
6,117,933
Area
491,210 km2
Climate
Tropical
Government
Presidential republic
Currency
Turkmenistan new manat
Languages
Turkmen 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%
Sells
natural gas, refined petroleum, fertilizers, crude petroleum
Sells to
China 63%, Turkey 11%, Greece 7%
Land borders
4: Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan
Drives on the
right
Calling code
+993
Founded
1991
Hemisphere
Northern

Where it is

Languages

Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.

Turkmenofficial
72.0%
12.0%
9.0%

Largest cities

Ashgabat  capital 1,030,063
Türkmenabat 230,861
Daşoguz 201,142
Mary 167,027
Türkmenbaşy 91,745

Form of government

Presidential republic.

Climate and geography

subtropical desert

Climate zone

Highest point

Landmarks and landscapes

Landlocked. Northern hemisphere.

Figures from its history

Saparmurat Niyazov
Saparmurat Niyazov President for life, 1991-2006 Saparmurat Atayevich Niyazov was a Turkmen politician and dictator who led Turkmenistan from 1985 until his death in 2006.