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Vatican City
Vatican City, officially the Vatican City State, often shortened as the Vatican, is a landlocked sovereign city-state in Southern Europe. Ruled by the pope, it is an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy, and serves as the administrative centre of the Catholic Church. Vatican City is governed by the See of Rome, commonly known as the Holy See, itself a sovereign entity under international law, which maintains its temporal power, governance, diplomacy, and spiritual independence. Vatican is also used as a metonym for the Holy See, which is the central governing body of the Catholic Church and Vatican City, comprising the pope and the Roman Curia. The independent state of Vatican City came into existence in 1929 via the Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and the Kingdom of Italy, which spoke of it as a creation, not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States (756–1870), which had previously encompassed much of Central Italy.
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WHAT PEOPLE ARE CALLED
Vatican
These are English demonyms for people from Vatican City. A demonym describes a connection to a place; it does not mean everyone shares an ethnicity, language or religion.
Demonym source: mledoze/countries · Download the attributed dataset (ODbL)SAME LAND, DIFFERENT WORLDS
Civilizations, flags & standards
Modern borders are a starting point for exploring the past. These cultures and states occupied some of the same land; they were not the same country. Dates describe each civilization or state as a whole, not continuous rule over every place listed.
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Turning points
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Read the historical overview →Religion: state & society
An official religion is a legal status. The largest religious group is a population measure. Neither describes every person's beliefs.
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Languages
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What it sells, and to whom
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Largest cities
| Vatican City capital | 829 |
Money, belief and alliances
Money
Climate and geography
temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)
Climate zone
Highest point
Landmarks and landscapes
Landlocked. Northern hemisphere.
Land borders (1)
In charge right now
Figures from its history
Leaders before them
Corrected in an AI-assisted review of the imported data (2026-09-22), not yet checked against a named source: calling code, currencies, famous, past leaders.