Israel

IL / ISR 31.0°, 35.0°

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia. It is bordered by Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan to the east, and Egypt to the southwest. Israel's western coast lies on the Mediterranean Sea, its southern tip reaches the Red Sea, and to the east is Earth's lowest point near the Dead Sea. Jerusalem is the government seat and proclaimed capital, while Tel Aviv is Israel's largest urban area and economic centre.

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Capital

Jerusalem, Tel Aviv

Population

9,840,000

Area

20,770 km2

Climate

Temperate

Government

Parliamentary democracy

Currency

new shekel

Languages

Hebrew, Arabic, English

Sells

integrated circuits, diamonds, broadcasting equipment, medical instruments

Sells to

USA 29%, China 10%, Ireland 6%

Land borders

5: Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine ...

Drives on the

right

Calling code

+972

Founded

1948

Hemisphere

Northern

Where it is

Languages

Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.

Hebrewofficial

—

Arabic

—

English

—

What it sells, and to whom

Every line is a thread: click a commodity or a partner to see who else trades in it.

Farms and fisheries

milk
chicken
potatoes
tomatoes
tangerines/mandarins
bananas

Largest cities

Jerusalem capital	971,800
Tel Aviv	432,892
West Jerusalem	400,000
Haifa	285,316
Rishon LeTsiyyon	258,535

Wars and conflicts

Click one to see everyone else who fought in it.

World War I1914–1918 Suez Crisis1956 Syrian civil war2011–2024 Six-Day War1967 Yom Kippur War1973 Twelve-Day War2025 1948 Palestine war1947–1949 Gaza War (2008–2009)2008–2009 1982 Lebanon War1982–1985 1948 Arab–Israeli War1948–1949 War of Attrition1967–1970 Iran–Israel proxy conflict1985–now South Lebanon conflict1985–2000 Arab–Israeli Wars War over Water1964–1967

Form of government

Parliamentary democracy.

unitary state parliamentary republic

Money, belief and alliances

Money

new shekel

Belongs to

United Nations World Meteorological Organization International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance International Development Association International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency International Bank for Reconstruction and Development UNESCO states with nuclear weapons Union for the Mediterranean World Health Organization Interpol World Trade Organization Universal Postal Union Eurocontrol CERN

Climate and geography

temperate; hot and dry in southern and eastern desert areas

Climate zone

Temperate

Highest point

Meron

Landmarks and landscapes

Western Wall Dead Sea Masada Church of the Holy Sepulchre

Northern hemisphere.

Land borders (5)

Egypt

Jordan

Lebanon

Palestine

Syria

In charge right now

Benjamin Netanyahu Head of government

Isaac Herzog Head of state

Figures from its history

David Ben-Gurion Founding prime minister David Ben-Gurion was the primary national founder and first prime minister of the State of Israel.

Golda Meir Prime minister, 1969-1974 Golda Meir was the prime minister of Israel from 1969 to 1974. She was Israel's first and, to date, only female head of government.

Yitzhak Rabin Prime minister assassinated in 1995 Yitzhak Rabin was an Israeli statesman and general who was the prime minister of Israel, having served from 1974 to 1977 and again from 1992 until his assassination in 1995.