Lithuania

LT / LTU 55.2°, 24.0°

Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and the Russian semi-exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest, with a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Lithuania covers an area of 65,300 km2 (25,200 sq mi), and has a population of 2.9 million. Its capital and largest city is Vilnius; other major cities include Kaunas, Klaipėda, Šiauliai and Panevėžys. Lithuanians are the titular nation, belong to the ethnolinguistic group of Balts, and speak Lithuanian.

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Capital

Vilnius

Population

2,860,002

Area

65,300 km2

Climate

Temperate

Government

Semi-presidential republic

Currency

Lithuanian talonas

Languages

Lithuanian 85.3%, Russian 6.8%, Polish 5.1%

Sells

refined petroleum, furniture, plastic products, wheat

Sells to

Latvia 11%, Poland 8%, Germany 7%

Land borders

4: Belarus, Latvia, Poland, Russia

Drives on the

right

Calling code

+370

Founded

1990

Hemisphere

Northern

Where it is

Languages

Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.

Lithuanianofficial

85.3%

Russian

6.8%

Polish

5.1%

Two mother tongues

1.7%

What it sells, and to whom

Every line is a thread: click a commodity or a partner to see who else trades in it.

Farms and fisheries

wheat
milk
sugar beets
rapeseed
barley
potatoes

Largest cities

Vilnius capital	542,366
Kaunas	289,380
Klaipėda	172,292
Šiauliai	99,462
Panevėžys	85,885

Wars and conflicts

Click one to see everyone else who fought in it.

World War II1939–1945 Iraq War2003–2011 Polish–Lithuanian War1919–1920 Lithuanian Wars of Independence1918–1919 Lithuanian–Soviet War1918–1919

Form of government

Semi-presidential republic.

parliamentary republic semi-presidential system

Money, belief and alliances

Money

Lithuanian talonas

Belongs to

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Council of the Baltic Sea States Baltic Assembly World Meteorological Organization United Nations European Union International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance International Development Association Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons NATO International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency International Bank for Reconstruction and Development UNESCO Nuclear Suppliers Group

Climate and geography

transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers

Climate zone

Temperate

Highest point

Aukštojas Hill

Landmarks and landscapes

Hill of Crosses Curonian Spit Trakai Island Castle

Northern hemisphere.

Land borders (4)

Belarus

Latvia

Poland

Russia

In charge right now

Gitanas Nausėda Head of state

Mindaugas Sinkevičius Head of government

Figures from its history

Vytautas the Great Grand Duke at Lithuania's greatest extent Vytautas the Great was a ruler of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, first as regent for his cousin Jogaila (1392–1401) and then as the Grand Duke alongside him (1401–1430).

Vytautas Landsbergis Led the break from the Soviet Union Vytautas Landsbergis is a Lithuanian politician, musicologist and former Member of the European Parliament.