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Bolivia

BO / BOL   -17.1°, -65.0°

Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. Its geography primarily consists of an Andean region to the west and tropical lowlands to the east and north. The country has a diverse environment, including the vast Amazonian plain, the Gran Chaco, temperate valleys, the high-altitude Altiplano plateau, snow-capped peaks, and mountains, encompassing a wide range of climates and biomes across its regions and cities. It includes part of the Pantanal, the largest tropical wetland in the world, along its eastern border. Bolivia is bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay to the southeast, Argentina to the south, Chile to the southwest, and Peru to the west. The seat of government is La Paz, which contains the executive, legislative, and electoral branches of government, while the constitutional capital is Sucre, the seat of the judiciary. While most population and urban centers lie in the Andean region, the largest city and principal industrial center is Santa Cruz de la Sierra, located in the eastern tropical lowlands.

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Capital
La Paz, Sucre
Population
12,244,159
Area
1,098,581 km2
Climate
Highland or alpine
Government
Presidential republic
Currency
boliviano
Languages
Spanish 68.1%, Quechua 17.2%, Aymara 10.5%
Sells
gold, natural gas, precious metal ore, zinc ore
Sells to
Brazil 15%, India 13%, China 11%
Land borders
5: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru ...
Drives on the
right
Calling code
+591
Founded
1825
Hemisphere
Southern

Where it is

Languages

Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.

Spanishofficial
68.1%
Quechuaofficial
17.2%
Aymaraofficial
10.5%
Guaraniofficial
0.6%

Largest cities

La Paz  capital 2,004,652
Santa Cruz de la Sierra 1,831,434
Cochabamba 841,276
Sucre 224,838
Oruro 208,684

Form of government

Presidential republic.

Climate and geography

varies with altitude; humid and tropical to cold and semiarid

Highest point

Landlocked. Southern hemisphere.

Figures from its history

Simon Bolivar
Simon Bolivar Liberator the country is named for Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar Palacios Ponte y Blanco was a Venezuelan military officer and statesman who led what are currently the countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela to independence from the Spanish...
Evo Morales
Evo Morales First indigenous president Juan Evo Morales Ayma is a Bolivian politician, trade union organizer, and former cocalero activist who served as the 65th President of Bolivia from 2006 to 2019.
Tupac Katari
Tupac Katari Leader of the 1781 indigenous rebellion Túpac Katari or Catari, born Julián Apasa Nina, was an indigenous Aymara leader who started a major rebellion in colonial-era Upper Peru, laying siege to La Paz for six months.