Chad

TD / TCD 15.5°, 19.4°

Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon to the southwest, Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. Chad has a population of 20 million, of which 1.6 million live in the capital and largest city of N'Djamena. With a total area of around 1,300,000 km2 (500,000 sq mi), Chad is the fifth-largest country in Africa and the twentieth largest nation by area.

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Capital

N'Djamena

Population

19,319,064

Area

1,284,000 km2

Climate

Tropical

Government

Presidential republic

Currency

Central African CFA franc

Languages

French, Arabic, Sara

Sells

crude petroleum, gold, oil seeds, gum resins

Sells to

UAE 26%, China 19%, Germany 17%

Land borders

5: Central African Republic, Cameroon, Libya, Niger ...

Drives on the

right

Calling code

+235

Founded

1960

Hemisphere

Northern

Where it is

Languages

Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.

Frenchofficial

—

Arabicofficial

—

Sara

—

What it sells, and to whom

Every line is a thread: click a commodity or a partner to see who else trades in it.

Farms and fisheries

sorghum
groundnuts
millet
beef
cereals
yams

Largest cities

N'Djamena capital	1,359,526
Moundou	196,124
Abéché	139,983
Sarh	138,928
Kelo	82,677

Wars and conflicts

Click one to see everyone else who fought in it.

Second Congo War1998–2003 Chadian–Libyan War1978–1987 Insurgency in the Maghreb2002–now Republic of the Congo civil war1997–1999 First Chad (FROLINAT) Rebellion1966–1971

Money, belief and alliances

Money

Central African CFA franc

Belongs to

Organisation internationale de la Francophonie World Meteorological Organization International Civil Defence Organisation United Nations International Development Association Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes African Union Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency UNESCO International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Economic Community of Central African States Bank of Central African States World Health Organization Interpol

Climate and geography

tropical in south, desert in north

Climate zone

Tropical

Highest point

Emi Koussi

Landmarks and landscapes

Lakes of Ounianga Lake Chad Zakouma National Park

Landlocked. Northern hemisphere.

Land borders (5)

Central African Republic

Cameroon

Libya

Niger

Sudan

In charge right now

Mahamat Déby Head of state

Figures from its history

Idriss Deby President, 1990-2021 Idriss Déby Itno was a Chadian politician and military officer who was the sixth president of Chad from 1991 until his death in 2021 during the Northern Chad offensive.

Hissene Habre Dictator convicted of crimes against humanity Hissène Habré, also spelled Hissen Habré, was a Chadian politician and convicted war criminal who served as the fifth president of Chad from 1982 until he was deposed in 1990.