The geography wing
Practice Turkey

No questions here on Historical flags, Turning points, Religion — nothing recorded for Turkey.

Flag of Turkey

Turkey

TR / TUR   39.0°, 36.0°

Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq, Syria, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west. Turkey is home to over 86 million people; most are ethnic Turks, while Kurds are the largest ethnic minority. Officially a secular state, Turkey has a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city. Istanbul is its largest city and economic center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya.

Read Turkey on Wikipedia  ·  Recent news from Turkey

You have not been asked about Turkey yet.

People are called
Turkish
Driving side
Right
Calling code
+90
Capital
Ankara
Population
85,372,377
Area
783,562 km2
Climate
Temperate
Government
Presidential republic
Currency
Turkish lira
Languages
Turkish, Kurdish
Sells
garments, cars, gold, refined petroleum
Sells to
Germany 9%, USA 6%, UK 6%
Land borders
8: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia ...
Drives on the
right
Calling code
+90
Founded
1923
Hemisphere
Northern

WHAT PEOPLE ARE CALLED

Turkish

These are English demonyms for people from Turkey. A demonym describes a connection to a place; it does not mean everyone shares an ethnicity, language or religion.

Demonym source: mledoze/countries · Download the attributed dataset (ODbL)

Practice demonyms around the world →

SAME LAND, DIFFERENT WORLDS

Civilizations, flags & standards

Practice this section → 6 questions

Modern borders are a starting point for exploring the past. These cultures and states occupied some of the same land; they were not the same country. Dates describe each civilization or state as a whole, not continuous rule over every place listed.

Reported standard

Achaemenid Empire

c. 550–330 BCE

An empire centered in Iran; parts of these modern countries were held at different times, not for its entire lifespan.

Ancient accounts describe an eagle standard. Modern flag reconstructions should not be mistaken for a surviving national flag.

Explore the evidence & illustrations →

Follow it across today's borders

Explore the history of this land · Browse civilizations & empires

Turning points

A curated timeline is not available yet. Explore the country's history and the historical figures below.

Read the historical overview →

Religion: state & society

An official religion is a legal status. The largest religious group is a population measure. Neither describes every person's beliefs.

Official status and a dated affiliation breakdown have not been checked for this country. The atlas's religion tags are not a population ranking.

BEYOND THE MAP

Turkey in the study desk

Places and things the general-knowledge library connects to Turkey. Open one to follow its connections, then practise them with typed recall.

Food & drink 35

Geography 13

Follow Turkey into the rabbit holes →

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Where it is

Languages

Share of the population that speaks each. Click one to see every country that speaks it.

Turkishofficial
—
—

Largest cities

Istanbul 15,701,602
Ankara  capital 3,517,182
Bursa 3,101,833
İzmir 2,938,292
Gaziantep 2,222,415

Wars and conflicts

Conflicts this country is attached to. Click one to see the others. Each says what kind of claim it is: a principal belligerent is hand-checked against the modern state that succeeded the power that fought, while a recorded participant comes from the bulk import, which does not separate combat from funding, basing, occupation or reconstruction. Neither list is complete, so a country missing from a war may still have taken part — which is why the quiz no longer asks who fought in what.

Form of government

Presidential republic.

Climate and geography

temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher in interior

Climate zone

Highest point

Northern hemisphere.

Figures from its history

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Founder of the republic Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was a Turkish field marshal and statesperson who was the founder of the Republic of Turkey and served as its first president from 1923 until his death in 1938.
Suleiman the Magnificent
Suleiman the Magnificent Ottoman sultan at the empire's height Suleiman I, commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent, was the Ottoman sultan from 1520 to 1566.
Mehmed II
Mehmed II Conqueror of Constantinople Mehmed II, commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror, was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire twice, from August 1444 to September 1446 and again from February 1451 to May 1481.
Orhan Pamuk
Orhan Pamuk Nobel laureate novelist Ferit Orhan Pamuk is a Turkish novelist, screenwriter, academic, and recipient of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Literature.

Checked facts

Most of this page is imported in bulk and carries no source of its own. These entries were checked by hand against the source named, and are reapplied after every dataset rebuild so a refetch cannot quietly put the old value back.

  • Continents — Seven-continent model. A country spanning two continents is filed under the one containing its capital; the other is accepted too.
    The imported list was unordered and included overseas territory, so its first entry was not the continent the country is in.
    Source · true as of 2026-09-11 · checked 2026-09-11
  • Member of nato — Full member states only, as the organisation itself lists them.
    The imported member_of list is out of date for this organisation and is not asked about.
    Source · true as of 2026-09-11 · checked 2026-09-11

Corrected in an AI-assisted review of the imported data (2026-09-22), not yet checked against a named source: calling code, leaders, past leaders.